Spring regulator



M.' C. KRARUP.

SPRING REGULATOR. nrrucmon msn muzi. mi.

A Patented Dec. 30,1919-,

2 SHEETS-SHEET l M. C. KRARUP.

SPRING REGULATOR.

AEPLICAVTIDN FILED IAM. 25.19II. 1,326,600. Patented Dee. 30,1919.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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Martins c. Hannut, or' NEW Yoan, N. Y.

sPnING-nEGULATon.

1,326,600,` Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec, 30, 1919, `Application led January 25, 1917. Serial No. 144,452.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, MARIUs C. KRARUP, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough ofv Manhattan, in the city, county, and State `of New York, United States of America, haveninvented certain new and useful Improvements in Spring-` Regulators, of which the following is a specification.

p y invention relates to devices for obtaimn desirable action from springs intender?v creasing shocks and sudden movements, especiall vehicle springs, and its object is to provi e an effective mechanism by means of which undesirable movements of parts connected by springs may be avoided. This and other objects of the invention will a pear in the following specication in wlhich` I will describe my invention, the novel features of which I will set forth in ap ended claims.

eferrin Ito the drawings, Figure l is a top view o plate 21 referred to hereinafter as the channel plate. Fig. 2 is a view of the same from the opposite side. Fig. 3 is a central lengthwise .section of the same plate. F i 4 is a top view of a iianged Vbase plate and Fig. 5- is a central lengthwise section of the Same- Y Figs and 'Zarerespectively top view and side view of a piston member in the device. Fi y8A is a one of twcsimilar Heating pistons; or separators45` and 46.` Eig. 9 1sl a perspective view of the member referred to herelnafter as the one-way valve. the underside of the channel plate with the piston member, the auxiliary istons andthe one-,way valve shown inserte infone of the relations which` they may 5occupy in the operation of ythe device. Fig. I11 is a side view of the assembled device, as mounted uponthe side frame member Aof'a motor vehicle and with its operatinglever connected with one of the ve icle springs, a portion of a plate 56 being41 brokenawayto indicate more plainly t e arrangement of theparts. Fig. 12 illustrates adetail in section.4 Fig. 13 is aviewof vention mainly inv section taken on the line 13e-13 of Fig. V14, and Fig. 14 isa central lengthwise section of this forni of my invention, with a, portion of thaoperating lever e atlons. of the parts indicated in dotted lines. Fig. 15

perspective view of Y Fig. 10 isu a view of p y with the fluid a modified. Vform. of myjn- Y or a metal or other material of suilicient Y strength, may be cast, forged, pressed or machined into the required shape. 22, 23, 24 and 25 are bolt holes through which, in the assembled device, are passed holding bolts 26, 27, 28 and 29, the heads of bolts 28 and 29 being recessed in the depression 30 formed on the top or exterior side of plate 2l. The circular aperture 31 through which the hub 32 of piston member 33 is passed operates as one of the bearings for said piston member. The holes 34 and 35 are threaded to receive screw plugs 36 and 37.` On the underside or interior side of 21 is formed the continuous channel 38 with the circular enlargement 39 and the smaller enlargement 40. The disk 41 of piston member 33 its into 39 with the projecting lug 42 extending into the adjacent` portion of channel 38 and capable of acting as a piston therein` when the channel is covered and closed. The lateral portions of the channel may be formed With a curvature, as shown, or may be straight, the auxiliary pistons or separators 45, 46 being formed correspondingly, so as to fit in these portions of Ethe channel. The spaces of the channel between fpiston 42 and the oating pistons 45 and 4 are normally filled with a `plastic substance in such proportions as arey indicatedy in Fig. '10 and 46 therein, and the remainder of the channel is normally, when the device is operated, illed with a Huid such as glycerin or oil, The plastic substance may be stifl'l or heavy grease mixed with graphite, or it may be soap, wax, tallow or any suitable compound not` miscible or readily emulsiied selected for use. Enlargement 40 vof channel 38 may be omitted if the device is made in dimensions permitting screw plu 36 and one-way valve 47 to be large enoug -for strength without obstructi the channel more than .is desirable. rThe recess 48 is so located that there is a passage for the fluid through enby the positions given 45 largement 40 and another under the onewa valve 47, the latter being vmounted pivota 1y with one end of its spindle49 in recess 48 and the other end in the corresponding recess 50 formed in the flanged base plate 51. This plate or cup is normally pressed from sheet steel but may becast 01' forged. A circular recess in 51 serves to rewir@ a wfrspvndgs circular molestias 52 on piston member' 3 4and form a bearing for it. The interior conformation and dimensions of flange 53 of the base plate corresponds closely to the exterior conformation and dimensions of channel plate 2l. yThe latter, with the piston member 33, the plastic substance, the floating pistons 45 and 46 and the one-way valve 47 in their places, is pressed into base plate 51, a tight ioint bein formed between the edge of`21 and the in erior of flange 53, while the 4interior` bottom of 51 lits closely against the plane underside of channel plate 21. A gasket may be" laced between these lane surfaces.

assembling the devlce, theflud above referred to is now introduced into the portion of channel 38 above the auxiliary pistons through the hole 34, and the latter is closed with screw plug 36. Hole 35 is closed with screw plug 37 whose interior end does not project into the channel. The operating lever 54` is mounted upon the hexagon projection `55 of piston member 33 and is secured inplace by a plate 56 with a circular central aperture and a bolt 57 which is insorted through this aperture and screwed into a threaded hole 58 in the hexagon projection `55.

VVThe link connecting the operating lever 54 tothe vehicle axle, or in general to one of the twospring-connected parts whose movements `it is the ipurpose to regulate, is preferably in the crm of an extension-spring 59, which is Substantially rigid in transmitting-)a 'thrust from ythe axle to operating lever 454 but ossesses a definitely determined flexibili v in transmitting a pull from the aide.' Gne end of :the wire Vforming this extension-sprin link ma be hooked into an eye 60 near t e end of `t 'e operatin lever. and the other` end may be similarly ooked into an eyelv in a lug z62j, and this lug may then be secured under the vehicle spring clip (i3 and thereby to the vehicle` axle 64,

whereafter the relations between the axle and the vehicle frame 65, 'being a proximaltely. constantV laterally, prevent te tlink from coming loose. lint" the vinanner 1n which operating lever 54 or link 59 is secured forms no'part ofmy invention, and any means may be employed by which relative movements between vehicle axle and vehicle frame or body fare" made to ca'use retrocation of piston member 33.

Ie use of an'eXtension-spring as a lmk between the operating lever and the vehicleV represents, on the other `hand, a novel combination of mechanical elements and-one entailing distinct advantages. These relate in part to the facility with which the device may .be adapted to many different vehicle condltions by varying the flexibility of the link, so that, for example, a link which is practically rigid in both directions of stress Jfor a heavy vehicle one w1 a yield of several inches for a lig t vehicle, the deviceotherwise remaining the same. An important functional advantage will appear most clearly lfri'ina' the subsequent descriptionY ofthe operation of the device. Then a road shock is received and axle 64 1s suddenly raised, link`59` is raised withit and causes operating lever 54 to be turned upward. Pi ton member 33 is thereby turned and drives the plastic substance and auxiliary piston 46 against the fluid'in the upper portion of channel 38, and the fluid transmits the movement to floating piston 45', causing the plastic substance below the latter to follow piston member 33. In this movement due to compression `of `the vehicle spring the flu-id meets with small resistance, as it raises the 'iiap` of the one-,way valve and passesundbrt as well as over it with a total-cross-sectinal area for the `flow at this poin't which'is approzii'mately e ual to that at other points in the channel. crew lug 36 may be adjusted, as represented in Ilig. 12, so as Ytofreduce the space (i6 above the one-way valve to about one-half of what it would be without the screw plug projecting into Ait, or a screw plug of greater length ma be used and may be adjusted so as to re uce the passage above the one-,way valve still further, buteven'with such adjustment the free passageunder the one-way valve assbires a small'total resistance `to the .movement of the Huid. A

Wilton theebound 'of the, -v "icle spring be "iis, however, the ldap of lie one-way va ve drpsiby gravitation and by pressure of the` fluid, s'tartiny Ion its retrn movemen t, to the position `shown in Fig. 10, and tlie'fluid passigeis'thereby reduced about one-half. With adjustment of sc'rew plug 36"as show'n in Fig. 12 the passage is furt "erl'reduced to about one-fourth, and a consi erable resistance to ra id movement of the iid is thereby produced, causing a retard 'tbnmof lthe -@rebound 4of the vehicle spri 'i'.

retardation should preferably be siighrinetse-bffe1 'la shocks, which on avera roads mayifo quik 'successionand lrequire a ra id return of"the"`vehicle'"spri and the a' `5 to their initiali'positibns, all' .one-way fva'lv'e 47 is ther-inerenti; instantaneous in action but or a nature 'admitti'A g'of a momentary and direturn How of the'liuiid `under it ow one aftervanother in sans@ y to take place while the valve is in the act of closing, so that the full'retarding effect of the one-way valve action is not materialized until a slight rebound `movement has been accomplished, such as a one-half inch movement of the vehicle axle.

As an unchecked rebound movement gains" velocit in the measure as" inertia is overcome, 1t is desirable, in the case of `a severe shock, that the retardation effected biy a spring regulator device shall be applied with a force increasingftoward the Amoment,when the velocity, if unchecked, would be greatest. This i's accomplished b adjustin screw Vlug 36 to produce 'a rotar 'aton'wliic in itse f would be more renounced' than de sirable `and,'in conjunction herewith, to employ the extension-spring link 59, which permits the vehicle axle to begin its rebound movement withV a moderated resistance but causes this resistance to be gradually increased until the tension producedin thelink` is Suicient to-overcome the' resistance Yof the fluid at a certain rate of velocity. To have this rate of velocity one producing comfort and security is one ofthe objects of spring regulation, and is accomplishedby invention since it is evident that, by al justment of screw p`lu'g'36 and a suitable ilexibility for link '59, rebound rmovements may be retarded progressively and in any Vdegree that may be required for a given case.

To make clear the scope of my invention I will mention that it can be employed not only with a rigid link taking the 'place of extensionespring link 59, plug 36 in that case being adjusted to produce `smaller resistance, butalso without the auxiliary pistons and without havin a plastic substance in one portion ofthe c -anne'l and a fluid in the other portion. The latter feature of'my invention serves to v@inviate Ileakage without the use o'tight 'ackin highlyaecuraite'workmanshipfan lcomp icated' construction, butit is clear that the functional advent s' eel cured by my invention can be obtainy 1inA ia measure or temporarily without thisfeature, by either employing ay grease or softplastic substance inthe Whole channel of'the' device and modifying the dimensions of the oneway valve and of the corelinated` adjustable screw lug, or by u'singa duid in thewhole channel and em' loyin packings and, wor

instead of extensionsspring 59, comefunder the scope of my vinvention? InI another modified form of my invention sun-:able washers, 'ans Yip to' revent"leakLi age and I claim" that such Vmo icatonsi'as `welles `one in which a rigid unir isased may 'be damped and retarded, as

'for their loads andun late 21,a has that ton member 33, and in which the piston 42 is arranged to turn, formed on that side of the plate which becomes the exterior side in the mounted device, and the rest of the channel is formed on the other or interior side, facing the planed interior bottom of the flanged `base plate 51, into which the channel plate is pressed. The two portions of the channel are obliquely connected at both sides Iof the piston member in the manner shown most clearly in Fig. 15, without appreciable contraction or enlargement of the cross-'sectional area, so that the plastic substance passes through the ports of connection,43, '44, Without ap 'reciable deformation or l"resistance when l'piston 42* is turned. Similarly as in the form of my invention first described, the lastic substance fills the channel between t e auxiliary pistons or separators, 45 and 46", and piston 42, and thu's "the portion of the channel adjacent to the piston member 33 is entirel sealed from Contact with thetfluid contain in the channel on the opposite side of the channel plate. In this portion is the enlargement 40 with `the 'threaded hole 34"* receiving screw plug 36 arrangedfor adjustment of resistance to rebound of the vehicle spring in conjunction with, one-way valve 47 mounted in recesses in the channel walls. One section, 67, of this portion of the channel is `arranged to be placed in such a direction in the mounted device that the free piston 68 gravitates toward the ledge 69 formed upon the channel wall and comes to rest against it unless subjeoted to impulsions in the opposite direction through movements of the fluid. To this end the-said iston 68 lits loosely in the channel and is a so provided with a small aperture, asV indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 13 and explained .more fully in my United sainement, No. 1,258,021 armed March 5 11918. A projection 70 on t e wall of they c Yaiii'iefl'limits the upward range of piston 68. Thetlireadecl hole 71 receives a screw' plug 92* which may be selected of such length that, when screwed u it formsan obstruction in the' channel `by whichV the lowfof oil mayy be impeded in both directions of inoveinfent. B this provision, 115 which4 could also be readily incorporated in the form of my invention here first. described, `all deflections of the vehicle `spring y may be desirable where vehicle sf'prings are too Weak 120 t for sustaining the exions towhichmsevere shocks would subject them;

Cover'plate 72 with a circular a rture fitting around the hub of piston mem` r 3B 125 is secured'by 'screwsA 73 and 74 the latter not shown) for which threaded hoes 75 and 76- are provided, and by the holdin bolts `77 and 78in`holes'79 and 8.0, whic also serve to 'hol-d down theplate` 5,6y by .means 130 ber also in said passage movable in both other, a. plastic substance being dis osed in directions with the aforesaid member, means the section of the passage in which t e actuor arresting the movement of the detached ated piston is located. 10 movable member in one direction, movable In Witness whereof I have signed my 5 members for dividing the passage into Seoname to this specification on this 23d day tions with the actuated membei` in one sec- 0f January, 1917. tion and the freely movable member in the MARIUS C. KRARUP. 

